Cedar plaster



Patented Mar. 25,1930

I 1 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE "lmwmm. eonnmeron, or MILWAUKEE, AND mass! A. menus, or was! anus, WISCONSIN; son a. annex, or rrrrsrmnn. massaennsm'rs; AND mmvnr a. .ownn, or mnwauxan, WISCONSIN, assrenons To a. n. connmeron morsemmme commas, or NORTH MILWAUKEE, WISCONSIN, A cozarom'r'xon or meili o Drawing.

CONSIN i -The present invention relates to an imroved wall surface or the like which has the inherent structural properties and ,advantages of a plaster and which. embodies and sive use of the wood for chests,-c oset' linings, and the like. .It is a particular object of the invention to providea wall surface or the like which emits the true aroma of cedar wood, unaccompanied by any. substantially sensible modifying odor or aroma, with apotency and p'ermancncecomparable tothat of the wood itself, yet which is in every, sense a plast'er. The ceda'r plaster of the present invention is a substantially perfect substitute fornatural cedar wood in the matter of emitting-the fragrance and aroma of cedar, and

also in its moth-proofing properties. Additionally, the product, being a plaster, otters certainimportantadvantages which are not possessed by cedar wood.

. It is an object of the invention to provide a plaster which brings "to the user all of the f benefits ofcedar wood'ata cost considerably less than the cost of cedar wood; which furnishessuch benefits without the accompanyingdisadvantages of cedar wood: and,

which possesses certain important advantages overcedar wood such as ease of application, particularly in. odd shaped and difiicultly accessible places, freedom from joints, a surface which is har smooth and easily cleaned,-andfire.- roof (1 water-proof charactcristics.

.It is a-further object of the invention'to provide a'formulafor como l l.

CEDAR PLASTEB Application filed February 28, 1929. Serial No.842,295.

"ten having the properties and characteristics above described, which formula is of-such nature that a preparation containing all of the essential ingredients in properproportion and intimate admixture can be made up in advance of the use of the material for plastering and" will be stable during the ordinary course of manufacture, shipment, storage and use. The invention alsospecifically contemplates the particular composition of the specific plaster disclosed herein which has been used commercially with notablygood resalts.

The aroma or persistent characteristic odor of red cedar is due to. the volatile oil present in the wood. This oil occurs in the wood in amounts ranging from 1% to 2% in average cedar woods and from 2% to.4% in the red wood or pure heart wood of red cedar. It is the aroma arising from this volatile oil in the wood which has a protective effect for clothing and other articles. The oil can be extracted from the wood byappropriate processes as, for instance, by distillation of cedar poration of this single aroma yielding ingredient into a plaster provides a wall surfuel: which is substantially ident-iealruvith natural cedar. wood in the matter of giving .out the fragrance and aroma of cedar into the surrounding air. No added insecticide or other ingredient is uscd which destroys, disguisesor substantially modifies the natural cedarfragrance of the plaster imparted to it by-the incorporated cedar wood-oil. The present plaster product provides the characteristicaroma of cedar, the pleasing frag- 'rance of the natural wood, and the insect re- 'pellentvalue of true cedar linings, all substantially indistinguishable from the correspondmg.characteristics of the natural wood.

17522333 3% ita' lea 1 1 i I I i It is this substantial duplication of the characteristics, benefit-s and advantages of true cedar wood in a plaster that is an important tial to the invention. No other ingredient satisfies the" requirements of the invention; no other ingredient provides the true natural fragrance of'cedar in the plaster. For example, cedar. loaf oil is entirely unacceptable and is directly at variance with, the concept of-th-is invention. Cedar leat' oil is an entirely diilerent product from cedar wood oil. It is derived from the leaf portion of the cedar tree and has an unattractive smell which [is totally .difi'erentfrom the fragrance of cedar wood. The term cedar wood Oll is used herein to designate the Oil, extract or essence of cedar wood which embodies the characteristic aromatic principles of the cedar wood andwhich, when incorporated in the plaster inthe manner herein disclosed, gives to the plaster the property of emitting the characteristic aroma and fragrance of natural cedar wood unaccompanied by any sensible vari'ent or additional odor. The term is intended to .comprise any such oil, extract or nnmnrs I wdue to its exceptional properties as a wall surfacing material. Other cements, such as Portland cement, may be successfully used where appropriate either alone or in admixture with other suitable plaster forming ingredients or cements. A small percentage of clay may be incorporated with the Keencs cement or other base material if desired, and is of a certain advantage in making the troweling ope-ration easier andin giving an added smoothness to the s urfaceof the limshed plaster. It has a lubricating action under the trowel, and at the same time lills in the pores of the plasterand thus aids in providing a smooth surface. The addition of an appro priate proportion of diatimaceous earth serves to somewhat increase the surface covering capacity of a given weight of the pluster. The references herein made to wall surfaces are intended to mean any walls and ceilingsof rooms and buildings, floors, partitions,

' linings for chests and boxes, and in general essence, however obtained, which has the propertiesjust stated.

The basic structu 'al material of the cedar plaster of the present invention is Keenes cement. Kcenes cement is a hard plaster or cement well known as a standard product in the building industry. Itis made by a double burning of a pure gypsum with an intermediate chemical treatment. It constitutes a hard, smooth surfaced, durable plaster which retains itshardness throughout ex-- ccp'tionally long periods of time and is not subject to deterioration even under conditions where it is subject to the action of moisture, as is the case with oidmar gypsum plasters.

any of the uses for which plaster is intended and adapted. For the purpose of increasing the adherin properties of the plaster to smooth surtaces-such as old plaster walls, woods, paint, metal, etc., a small percentage of an appropriate adhesive material, for example, a combination of casein and a-suitable alkaline material, such as hydrated lime .to

. render it soluble, may be added. This is of importance piu-ticularlyin adapting the-plaster for use in refinishing walls of old build ings and as a lining or coating for wood or metal boxes, chests, etc. \Vhen the plaster is 'used for these purposes, for instance in re- The finished-plaster of the present invention comprises astructural base of Keane's cement.

with the cedar wood. oil ingredient incor- 'pora'ted with it. It ism'nlerstood that other ingredients can he used as the structural base of the plaster such as, tor instance, ordinary gypsum plaster or,'in fact, any plaster composition or combination of plaster forming ingredients which arecapable of producing a satisfactory grade of plaster and which additionally. are capable of embodying'the aromatic ingredient, and pcrmit'tingils emission "at an appropriaterate and which will not deteriorateor change the character of the arc- .matic ingredient. Kee'nes cement, however, is particularly suitable for high quality work linishingwall's of old buildings, the addition of say 3% to-5% of gasei 7 nd also from say 3% to 10% of hydrate. lrtland-cemggategi-ves a coating iv iich acheres well and does not have a tendency to detcriorate, cr'ack or peel oil. It IS understood that .the term plaster orplaster co iposition as used 111 .the claims includes such )lastlc wall coatnn comio uiasggpst re icgg 'pg 'requent 9. llitQt m the trade as plastic paints, and m general means any wall coating composition capable of applicationto the wall in 'substantial thickness in plastic state, either by trowel, by brush, or otherwise, and capable of'sr-ilid-it'ying uponlhe wall into'a permanent solidified coating.

The activ'econstituent of the cedar plaster of this invention, oil of cedar wood, is preferably incorporated into the plaster through the medium of an absorbent material. The absorbent material is preferably in powder, g 'annlated,.fibrous ordust form in a state of subdivision appropriately fine for incorporation into a plaster and is of such character as to absorb or take up thecedar wood oil in substantial amounts and still remain in finely divided apparently dry condition witlrthc particles thereof separableand capable of being-homogeneously admixed with the other dry ingredients of the plaster. A satisfactory absorbent material for this purpose is I 7 wood dust, that is, finely ground wood or sawdust of appropriately fine particle size.

It is understood that the wood used for this y ose does not possess anycharactcristic odor of its own which will objectionably modify or inhibit the natural cedar fragrance ofthe cedar wood oil ingredient. The cedar Wood oil is thoroughly mixed-with the hvtiiifl and-the constituent partiEle'shf'tlie'"dust" 1 arethus impregnated with the cedar wood oil. The wood willabsorb substantial quan- 1 r titles of the oil and still remain in dry, powder form. The impregnated wood dust. is in- ,corpor'ated directly with the other dry ingredients of the plaster. If desired, cedar wood dust may be "used as the absorbent material and its natural aromatievalue thus availed of. The percentage of the cedar wood oil in- I jcedar .wood is, however, very low so that by far the larger proportion of the cedar wood oil in the absorbent wood dust as it occurs.

in the plaster is derived from the impregmu tion of the .wooddust with the oil.

-, A satisfactory cedar plaster which has been used successfully ina commercial way is constituted as follows:

' Cedar wo od'dust 5% {Oil of cedar woodna 6 Cla 3. 'Re coloring material.. 1

The above proportions are by weight. The

wood dust is mixed with the cedar wood oil until the o'il'has. been completely absorbed in the wood dust and the particles of the dust have become thoroughly impregnated with 40 the oil. The impregnated wood dust and the other ingredients are then mixed together to effect even distribution of the several iugre 'dients and attain a reasonable homogeneity in theproduct. The above comb nation of ingredicnts constitutes a complete laster. 'It

is prepared'for applicationto tre wall by mixing with sufiicicnt clean water to obtain amixture of proper consistency for 'lastcring. When the plaster is applied tot e walland trowele'd down it sets and hardens into a permanent and thoroughly high grade wall surface. The plaster is-not ail'ectedby'moisturc, and' its smooth hard surface, may be washed'without affecting the character of the g laster 'or. the fragrance and aroma emitted y it. It is easy to clean and. is thoroughly sanitary. The present roduct may be applied with the-ease ofort inary plaster and is"; thus particularly advantageous in lining a0 closets'which are designed under'the roof and in odd places. Closets, chests, containers, and the like, of anyshape can readily be lined with the,plaster,.and when the job is finished the luster-covers the entire-surface without '65 crac- 's, holes or joints. The tire-proof quali spread into the dry plaster forming ingreties of the plaster also recommend it for this work. The coloring matter is added to further carry out the si-mulation'of true cedar. It is understood that any color design asdesired may be used. The-cedar plaster is preferably ap "lied as a finished coating over an ordinary ase coat of plaster. When the cedar plaster made according to the above formula is applied as a coating of about thick, it possesses aromatic qualities substantially equivalent to that of a lining of true cedar wood of about thickness. If desired, the rate of emission of the cedar aroma and the possible tendency of the cedar oil to dien'ts may be restricted by the use of a heavy oil such as parafiiu in the manner disclosed in our copending application, Serial No.

The specific formula noted above is given by way of illustration and example. The formula may be varied-to suitparticular conditions. For example, a satisfactory formula embodying the invention which is typical of the variations which can be made without departing from'the spirit of the invention is as follows: i

Per cent Keencscement.. (33 'Sawdust'of neutral odor 5 Oil of cedar wood 6 Silica-sand -25 Coloring matter 1 The use of other absorbent niaterials,.-as for instance, asbestos, is possibleand in general any material which fulfills t 1e requirements of an absorbent as given above and which does not carry any substantial characterizing odor of its own which \\-'ill'objectionably modify the true cedar aroma of the plaster.

The preparation of a complete plaster in dry stable powder form ready for mixing with water for application to the wall is of particular importance from a practical standoint. Where it is necessar to ship certain ingredients of a producto this'kindseparately, object-ions such as inconvenience to the worker, difiiculty of properly mixing the ingredients to a homogeneous condition on the Job, lack of facilities for measuring quantities to be mixed with consequent lackof uniformity indifferent mixes, impossibility of getting workmen to-exer'cise the requisite care in measuring and mixing, ete., make the proposition entirely impracticable for commercial work. This is particularly true where one of the ingredientswhich must be shipped separately is a liquid. The ingredients of the present plaster are sullici'ently stable to resist deterioration or change during the ordinary course-of manufacture, storage, shipment and use.

The present invention therefore provides a plaster composition which is in every sense a true plaster and which at the same time pos-.

natesthe usual compositions'ofsueh materials 16' plaster forming material and odor sess es the property of emittin j istic fragrance and as lime, gypsum, Vlll'lOllS cements, and the like, winch are ordinarily ref ed as plasters and which are used for wall spreadable material capable 0 app i-cation to a wall of forming on the wall a nut permanent wall coating.

e claim:

1. A wall-plaster composition comprisin" material of sucl 7 amount asto emit the cha racterizing and. are

' tcr composition therewith, 6 present in proport on by dar woottfrom the solidified plaster after application and solidisubstant-ially as decomprises plaster forming madition upon the wall dor ennttmg lmaterial incorporated a. c amount as to emit the characterizing and predominatingaroma of cedar wood.

3. A \vallplaster composition of the charactcr disclosed, con-iprises plaster orming material, aromatic cedar matter in such am' 'as to emit'the characterizing and predomi-natin true-aro'nut of cedar wood from the solidified plaster after application and solidification upon the. wall, and a heavy oil forrcstrieting the rate of aroma emission.

A wall plaster composition comprising plaster forming material and aromatic cedar matter ell'ecting emission ofa characterizing and predominating true aroma of cedar from the solidified plaster alter solidification a mu the wall and, in combination therewith. para'flin, \vhereb said plasis characterized by substantia permanence of'aroma emission. i

A wall coating composition which complaster com position equal to the proportion of volatile aromatic oil normally genuine cedar wood, etl'ecting prolonged emission of a zzing and predonnnating readil perceptible from the solidified p aftlclr application and'solidiiication upon the \va 7. As an article.

of the character in combination and 1 homogeneous ph 'sical admixture, plas er forming materiav substantially free from odor yielding principle, and a separate absorbent vehicle independently impregnated with active volatile aromatic cedar matter present in said absorbent vehicle [in propornch con'i'prises,

I b o/ act ng slow prolongc emission of a charrcterlznw and predommatm" readil peraroma of cedar from the solidificd plaster ti'on upon the wall.

n testimony whereof we aflix our signal .tures.

' EDWIN D. CODDINGTON.-

ERNEST A. KERLER. ROE R BLACK.

HARVEY s. OWEN.

and in such prises spreadable plastic material including aroma of cedar, from the solidified \vallcoating after applicati0n.and solidification upon the wall.

6. A wall plaster formmg material and,in combination "volatile aromatic cedar matter plaster coi-np'osition comprising of manufacture, a wall after application and solidificacharacterweight-at least 

